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Composites forming technologies

Edited by A C Long, University of Nottingham, UK

Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles No. 61

 - reviews the wealth of research in forming high-quality composite materials
 - includes a concise explanation of the forming mechanisms and charaterisation for composites
 - considers forming technologies for various composite material forms
 - an essential reference for engineers, researchers and academics involved with compostie materials

Composites are versatile engineered materials composed of two or more constituent materials which, when combined, lead to improved properties over the individual components whilst remaining separate on a macroscopic level. Due to their versatility, composite materials are used in a variety of areas ranging from healthcare and civil engineering to spacecraft technology. Composites forming technologies reviews the wealth of research in forming high-quality composite materials.

The book begins with a concise explanation of the forming mechanisms and characterisation for composites, as well as covering modelling and analysis of forming techniques. Further chapters discuss the testing and simulation of composite materials forming. The book also considers forming technologies for various composite material forms including thermoset and thermoplastic prepreg, moulding compounds and composite/metal laminates.

With its distinguished editor and array of international contributors, Composites forming technologies is an essential reference for engineers, researchers and academics involved with the production and use of composite materials.

Published in association with The Textile Institute

£155.00 / US$265.00 / €185.00

An e-book version of this title is available to purchase as part of a Collection or Pick n Mix or by Chapter. Visit Woodhead Publishing Online

About the editor

Professor Andrew Long is Head of the innovative Polymer Composites Research Group and is the Course Director for Mechanical Engineering at the internationally-acclaimed University of Nottingham, UK.

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Contents

Composite forming mechanisms and materials characterisation
A C Long and M J Clifford, University of Nottingham, UK
 - Introduction
 - Intra-ply shear
 - Axial loading
 - Ply/tool and ply/ply friction
 - Ply bending
 - Compaction/consolidation
 - Discussion
 - References

Constitutive modelling for composite-forming
R Akkerman and E A D Lamers, University of Twente, The Netherlands
 - Review on constitutive modelling for composites forming
 - Continuum based laminate modelling
 - Multilayer effects
 - Parameter characterisation
 - Future trends
 - References

Finite element analysis of composite-forming
P Boisse, INSA, France
 - Introduction: finite element analyses of composite forming, why and where? The multiscale nature of composite materials and different approaches for composite forming simulations
 - The continuous approach for composite forming process analysis
 - Discrete of mesoscopic approach
 - Semi-discrete approach
 - Multi-ply forming and re-consolidation simulations
 - Conclusions
 - References

Virtual testing for material formability
S V Lomov, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
 - Introduction
 - Mechanical model of the internal geometry of the relaxed state of a woven fabric
 - Model of compression of woven fabric
 - Model of uniaxial and biaxial tension of woven fabric
 - Model of shear of woven fabric
 - Parametric description of fabric behaviour under simultaneous shear and tension
 - Conclusions: creating input data for forming simulations
 - References

Optimisation of composites forming
W R Yu, Seoul National University, Korea
 - Introduction
 - General aspects of optimisation
 - Optimisation of composite forming
 - Conclusions
 - References

Simulation of compression moulding to form composites
E Schmachtenberg, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany and K Skrolides, Institut für Kunststfoffverarbeitung, Germany
 - Introduction
 - Theoretical description of the simulation
 - Examples of use if the simulation
 - Measurement of the material data
 - References

Understanding composite distortion during processing
M R Wisnom and K D Potler, University of Bristol, UK
 - Introduction
 - Fundamental mechanisms causing residual stresses and distortion
 - Distortion in flat parts
 - Spring-in distrotion of curved parts
 - Conclusions
 - References

Forming technology for composite/metal hybrids
J Sinke, Luchtvaart & Ruimtevaarttechn, The Netherlands
 - Introduction
 - Development of composite/metal hybrids
 - Properties of fibre metal laminates
 - Production processes for fibre metal laminates
 - Modelling of FML
 - Conclusions
 - References

Forming of self-reinforced polymer materials
I M Ward and P J Hine, University of Leeds, UK and D E Riley, Propex Fabrics, Germany
 - Introduction
 - The hot compaction process
 - Commercial exploitation
 - Postforming studies
 - Key examples of commercial products
 - Future developments
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Forming technology for thermoset composites
R Paton, Cooperative Research Centre for Advanced Composite Structures, Australia
 - Introduction
 - Practicalities of forming thermoset prepeg stacks
 - Deformation mechanisms in woven fabric prepeg
 - Tape prepeg
 - Forming processes
 - Tooling equipment
 - Diaphagm forming tooling
 - Potential problems Process capabilities
 - Future trends
 - References

Forming technology for thermoplastic composites
R Books, University of Nottingham, UK
 - Introduction
 - Thermoplastic composite materials (TPCs) for forming
 - Basic principles pf TCP forming technologies
 - Forming methods
 - Some recent developments
 - Conclusions
 - References

The use of draping simulation in composite design
J W Klintworth, MSC Software Ltd and A Long, University of Nottingham, UK
 - Introduction
 - Zone and ply descriptions
 - Composites development process
 - Composites data exchange
 - Draping and forming simulation
 - Linking forming simulation to a component design analysis
 - Conclusions
 - References

Benchmarking of composite forming modelling techniques
J L Gorczyca-Cole and J Chen, University of Massachusetts Lowell and J Cao, Northwestern University, USA
 - Abstract
 - Introduction
 - Forming process and fabric properties
 - Experimental
 - Numerical analyses
 - Conclusions and future trends
 - Acknowledgements
 - References