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Friction in textile materials

Edited by B S Gupta, NCSU, USA

Woodhead Textiles Series No. 78

 - an authoritative review of friction, its management and control

Friction is a major issue in both the production of textiles and in the finished product. This authoritative book reviews how friction occurs and the ways it can be measured and controlled.

The book begins by looking at how friction can be defined and how the structure and properties of textile fibres lead to friction behaviour. It also discusses slip-stick phenomena in textiles and ways of measuring friction in yarns and fabric. The second part of the book reviews friction in particular textiles, including cotton, wool and synthetic fibres as well as woven fabrics. These and other chapters also discuss ways of controlling friction, including fabric finishes and lubricants.

With its distinguished editor and contributions from some of the world’s leading authorities in the subject, Friction in textile materials will be a standard reference for the textile industry and those researching this important topic.

ISBN 1 85573 920 8
ISBN-13: 978 1 85573 920 8
June 2008
488 pages  234 x 156mm  hardback  
£150.00 / US$255.00 / €190.00

Usually dispatched within 24 hours

About the editor

Dr Bhupender S Gupta is Professor of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science at North Carolina State University, USA. Professor Gupta is internationally renowned for his research in textile science.

Contents

PART 1 UNDERSTANDING FRICTION IN TEXTILES
PART 2 FRICTION IN PARTICULAR TEXTILE FIBRES, STRUCTURES AND PROCESSES

PART 1 UNDERSTANDING FRICTION IN TEXTILES

Textile fiber morphology, structure and properties in relation to friction
B S Gupta, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Fiber classification
 - Formation of man-made fibers
 - Concepts of semi-crystalline two-phase structures of fibers
 - Structure and morphology of textile fibers
 - Fiber properties
 - Summary
 - References

Fundamental concepts of friction and lubrication affecting textile fibers
B S Gupta, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - The basic laws of friction
 - Adhesion-shearing theory
 - Slip-stick patterns in sliding
 - The role of surface roughness
 - Deformation and ploughing
 - The area of contact between metals
 - The formation and growth of junctions
 - Normal adhesion
 - The effect of hardness on friction
 - Heating at junctions during sliding
 - The effect of speed on friction
 - Wear and abrasion
 - Frictional behavior of elastomers
 - Rolling friction
 - The frictional behavior of polymers and fibers
 - The relationship describing friction in polymers and fibers
 - Lubrication
 - Lubrication of polymers and fibers
 - Friction between lubricated fibers
 - Summary
 - Acknowledgments
 - References

Friction behaviour of fibrous materials used in textiles
B S Gupta, North Carolina State University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Differences in structure and properties of fibers, metals and elastomers
 - Classical friction behavior
 - Frictional behavior of fibers in experimental investigations
 - A structural model of friction behavior
 - Generalized equations and the structure of the friction constants a and n
 - Factors playing a role in friction
 - Experimental results from selected studies
 - Friction in textiles under extreme normal forces
 - Summary
 - Glossary
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Stick-slip phenomena in textiles
R Kovar, Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic, B S Gupta, North Carolina State University, USA and Z Kus, Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic
 - Introduction
 - Physical basis of stick-slip phenomena (SSP)
 - Impact of SSP on textiles
 - Review of experimental principles for measuring SSP
 - Experimental results
 - Rheological description of SSP
 - Scope for future research on SSP in textiles
 - Sources of further information
 - Glossary
 - Acknowledgements
 - References

Experimental methods for analyzing friction in textiles
B S Gupta, North Carolina State University, USA, J O Ajayi, Abubaker University, Nigeria and M. Kutsenko, Goulston Technologies, USA
 - Introduction
 - Relevance of test methods to processing and use of textiles
 - Friction models and parameters
 - Classification of test methods
 - Fundamental test methods based on rectilinear motion
 - Measurement and characterisation of friction in fabrics
 - Fabric surface roughness characterization
 - Subjective assessment of friction
 - Summary: testing friction in fabrics
 - Standard test methods and commercially available friction meters for yarns
 - Standard friction tests for staple fibers and nonwovens
 - Standard friction test and commercial apparatus for fabics; the KES system
 - References

PART 2 FRICTION IN PARTICULAR TEXTILE FIBRES, STRUCTURES AND PROCESSES

Friction and surface characteristics of cotton fibers
Y E El Mogahzy, Auburn University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Cotton fiber surface and frictional characteristics at the microscopic level
 - Cotton fiber surface and frictional characteristics at the macroscopic level
 - Cotton surface treatments
 - Summary
 - References

Friction, felting and shrink-proofing of wool
J A Rippon, Deakin University, Australia
 - Introduction
 - The chemical and physical structure of wool
 - Surface friction of wool
 - Shrinkage of wool
 - Methods of reducing the felting shrinkage of wool
 - Commercial shrink-resist processes
 - Future trends in the shrink-resist treatment of wool
 - Summary
 - References

Friction and surface characteristics of synthetic fibers
Y E El Mogahzy, Auburn University, USA
 - Introduction
 - The developments of synthetic fibers
 - Surface characterization of synthetic fibers
 - Surface wettability
 - Surface cleanability and decontamination
 - Surface lubrication
 - Friction behavior in wet media
 - The stick-slip phenomenon
 - Surface finish
 - Summary
 - References

The role of fiber friction in staple fiber processing
V K Kothari and A Das, Indian Institute of Technology
 - Introduction
 - Friction in fibers
 - The importance of fiber friction in staple yarn formation
 - Changes in fiber friction during spinning
 - Control of fiber friction by spin finish
 - Fiber friction at different stages of spinning
 - Product quality
 - References

Friction in woven fabrics
J O Ajayi, Abubakar University, Nigeria
 - Introduction
 - Definition of fabric friction
 - Stick-slip motion in fabrics
 - Geometric considerations in woven fabrics
 - The effects of fabric structure on friction
 - The effects of yarn friction
 - The effects of finishing treatments on fabric friction
 - The effects of testing variables
 - Surface classification
 - Summary
 - Glossary
 - References

Finishes and treatments to control friction in textile fibers
M Kutsenko and T W Theyson, Goulston Technologies, USA
 - Introduction
 - Using the Stribeck lubrication curve to analyze friction in fibers
 - Fabric finishes and high speed yarn-to-solid body friction
 - Fabric finishes and low speed fiber-to-fiber friction
 - Summary
 - References

Boundary lubrication phenomena in coated textile surfaces
Y Li and J P Hinestroza, Cornell University, USA
 - Introduction
 - Using lateral force microscopy to analyze friction behavior
 - Effect of lubricant properties on friction behavior
 - Types of textile lubricant
 - Boundary lubrication phenomena in textile materials
 - Summary
 - Glossary
 - References